Construction material | building material [ chapter 2]

construction material | building material 

[ chapter 2]

• Bricks 
• Timber and other materials
• modern material

construction material and building material

Bricks:

bricks are artificially made rectangular blocks, made from clay. clay is moulded to form rectangular blocks of standard size,which are dried and late burnt to a higher temperature to make them dense and compact.

standard size of brick 19 cm 9cm  9 cm. when place with mortar becomes 20cm 10cm 10cm. weight of such a brick is 3 kg.

Few properties of bricks:

• colour
• shape
• texture
• strength, soundness, hardness.

composition :

• silica 50- 60%
• alumina 20-30%
• lime 10%
• magnesia <1%
• ferric oxide<7%
• carbon dioxide<1%

Various Method of Moulding Bricks:

HAND MOULDING:

•    ground moulding
•    table moulding

MACHINE MOULDING:

• plastic method
• dry process method

 Timber and other material:

Timber denotes wood, which is suitable for building or carpentry or various other other engineering purposes like construction of doors, windows, roofs, partitions, beams, posts, cupboard, shelves.

Timber are classified:

• mode of growth
• modulus of elasticity
• durability
• grading
• availability

Few properties of timber:

colour, odour, soundness, texture, grains, density, hardness, workability, durability, defects

Seasoning of timber:

this is process by which moisture content in a freshly cut tree is reduced to a suitable level.

by doing so the durability of timer is increased.

other materials:

• plywood
• steel
• veneers
• bitumen
• aluminium
• thermocole

Modern materials:

ceramics to polycrystalline materials and products formed by baking natural clays and mineral admixtures at a high temperature and also by sintering oxides of various metals and inorganic substances having high melting point.

classification of ceramic materials:

• clay products.
• refractories.
• glasses.